Most people live in a state of constant semi-distraction. We answer emails during meetings. We check stats every 15 minutes. This is shallow work. It keeps you busy, but it doesn't create new value.
The Shallow Work Trap
Deep work is the ability to master hard things quickly. It requires long, uninterrupted blocks of time where your brain can fully engage with a complex problem.
Context switching is the mind killer. Research shows that every time you glance at your phone or switch tabs, it takes about 23 minutes to get back to full focus. You are perpetually skimming the surface of your potential.